The girder rail One of the key inventions in the world history of trams was that of the girder rail developed in 1852 by Frenchman Alphonse Loubat. It brought the tram track down to road level, avoiding accidents to pedestrians and other vehicles caused by the standard protruding rail used until then. Inspired by John [...]
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Napoleonic Wars In 1810, the French Empire reached its greatest extent. On the continent, the British and Portuguese remained restricted to the area around Lisbon and to besieged Cadiz. Napoleon married Marie-Louise, an Austrian Archduchess, with the aim of ensuring a more stable alliance with Austria and of providing the Emperor with an heir. As [...]
* 1991 Development started. * 1993 Polyhedra 1.0: first commercial release of an in-memory Relational DBMS (RDBMS). * 1995 Ported to Windows and Linux. * 1996 Polyhedra 2.0: added hot standby configurations for use in applications needing high availability. First port to an RTOS (pSOS) * 1997 Polyhedra 3.0: new in-memory data storage engine, for [...]
In Unix-like operating systems, TUIs are often constructed using the terminal control library ”curses”, or ”ncurses”, a mostly compatible library. The advent of the ”curses” library with Berkeley Unix created a portable and stable API for which to write TUIs. The ability to talk to various text terminal types using the same interfaces led to [...]
OSSEC has a very strong log analysis engine, being able to correlate and analyze logs from multiple devices and formats. The following are currently supported: * Unix-only: ** Unix PAM ** sshd (OpenSSH) ** Solaris telnetd ** Samba ** Su ** Sudo * FTP servers: ** ProFTPd ** Pure-FTPd ** vsftpd ** Microsoft FTP Server [...]
At the beginning of 2003, SCO claimed that there had been “misappropriation of its UNIX System V code into Linux”. However, the company refused to identify the specific segments of code, claiming that it was a secret which they would reveal only to the court. They did say that the code could be found in [...]
Early work on the psychological reality of linguistic rules. Kennedy’s early research (much of it in collaboration with A. L. Wilkes) was concerned with the “psychological reality” of linguistic rules, a preoccupation of cognitive psychologists in the 1970s. This work made use of simple laboratory tasks involving pressing buttons to indicate whether sentence fragments were [...]
Cross-platform programming is the practice of actively writing software that will work on more than one platform. Approaches to cross-platform programming There are different ways of approaching the problem of writing a cross-platform application program. One such approach is simply to create multiple versions of the same program in different ”source trees”—in other words, the [...]
Lotus Notes can be used for many collaborative applications,including e-mails, calendaring, PIM, instant messaging, Web browsing, and a variety of feature-rich custom applications. It can be used to access both local- and server-based applications and data. The current version of Lotus Notes is 8.5.1. (See http://www-01.ibm.com/software/lotus/products/notes/ for more details). In early days of the product, [...]
The first incarnation of what was later to be the APL programming language was published and formalized in ”A Programming Language”, a book describing a notation invented in 1957 by Kenneth E. Iverson while at Harvard University. Iverson had developed a mathematical notation for manipulating arrays that he taught to his students. In 1960, he [...]
Interpreters Today, most APL language activity takes place under the Microsoft Windows operating system, with some activity under Linux, Unix, and Mac OS. Comparatively little APL activity takes place today on mainframe computers. APLNow (formerly APL2000) offers an advanced APL interpreter which operates under Linux, Unix, and Windows. It supports Windows automation, supports calls to [...]
IBM PL/I F and D compilers PL/I was first implemented by IBM, at its Hursley Laboratories in the United Kingdom, as part of the development of System/360. The first production PL/I compiler was the PL/I F Compiler for the OS/360 Operating System, built by John Nash’s team at Hursley in the UK: the runtime library [...]
The SCO Group is currently involved in a dispute with various Linux vendors and users. In this campaign SCO “announced that Linux contained SCO’s UNIX System V source code and that Linux was an unauthorized derivative of UNIX”. Although many are skeptical about their claims, SCO initiated a series of lawsuits and claims that so [...]

In the early 1990′s, FileNet introduced a somewhat “open” version of its WorkFlo Business System software – Series 6500 -that ran on the IBM RS/6000 platform and the AIX operating system. The networking software utilized TCP/IP but used FileNet’s own non-standard encoding for the application protocols. Open protocol standards were not in the FileNet management [...]
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